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Coordinate geometry and vectors

9 ECAT Mathematics questions with answers and explanations.

All questions with answers
  1. What is the distance between the points (1, 2) and (4, 6)?

    • 1 3
    • 2 4
    • 3 5
    • 4 7
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    Correct answer: 5

    Distance = sqrt(3^2 + 4^2) = sqrt(25) = 5.

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  2. What is the slope of the line through (1, 2) and (3, 8)?

    • 1 2
    • 2 3
    • 3 4
    • 4 6
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    Correct answer: 3

    Slope = (8 - 2) / (3 - 1) = 6 / 2 = 3.

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  3. Which is the equation of a circle with centre at the origin and radius 5?

    • 1 x + y = 25
    • 2 x^2 + y^2 = 5
    • 3 x^2 + y^2 = 25
    • 4 x^2 - y^2 = 25
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    Correct answer: x^2 + y^2 = 25

    A circle with centre (0, 0) and radius r has the equation x^2 + y^2 = r^2.

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  4. What is the midpoint of the points (2, 4) and (6, 10)?

    • 1 (8, 14)
    • 2 (4, 6)
    • 3 (4, 7)
    • 4 (3, 5)
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    Correct answer: (4, 7)

    The midpoint is ((2 + 6) / 2, (4 + 10) / 2) = (4, 7).

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  5. What is the dot product of the vectors (1, 2, 3) and (4, -5, 6)?

    • 1 12
    • 2 32
    • 3 -12
    • 4 0
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    Correct answer: 12

    1 x 4 + 2 x (-5) + 3 x 6 = 4 - 10 + 18 = 12.

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  6. What is the magnitude of the vector (3, 4)?

    • 1 7
    • 2 5
    • 3 25
    • 4 1
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    Correct answer: 5

    The magnitude is sqrt(9 + 16) = 5.

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  7. What is i x j, the cross product of the unit vectors i and j?

    • 1 0
    • 2 -k
    • 3 1
    • 4 k
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    Correct answer: k

    By the right-hand rule, i x j = k.

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  8. What is the focus of the parabola y^2 = 8x?

    • 1 (2, 0)
    • 2 (4, 0)
    • 3 (8, 0)
    • 4 (0, 2)
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    Correct answer: (2, 0)

    Comparing with y^2 = 4ax gives 4a = 8, so a = 2 and the focus is (2, 0).

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  9. Two vectors are perpendicular when their dot product is:

    • 1 1
    • 2 -1
    • 3 Equal to their magnitudes
    • 4 0
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    Correct answer: 0

    a . b = |a||b| cos(theta), which is 0 exactly when the angle is 90 degrees.

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