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Periodic table and inorganic chemistry
8 MDCAT Chemistry questions with answers and explanations.
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Which halogen is the most reactive?
- 1 Chlorine
- 2 Bromine
- 3 Iodine
- 4 Fluorine
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Correct answer: Fluorine
Reactivity of halogens decreases down the group, so fluorine is the most reactive.
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Which of these elements is in Group 2 of the periodic table?
- 1 Sodium
- 2 Magnesium
- 3 Aluminium
- 4 Potassium
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Correct answer: Magnesium
Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal and sits in Group 2.
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Noble gases are chemically unreactive mainly because they:
- 1 Are very heavy
- 2 Have a full outer shell of electrons
- 3 Are always liquids
- 4 Have no protons
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Correct answer: Have a full outer shell of electrons
A complete outer shell, such as 8 electrons, makes the atom very stable.
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Transition metals show several oxidation states because:
- 1 Their 4s and 3d electrons have similar energies
- 2 They have no valence electrons
- 3 They are very dense
- 4 They always lose all their electrons
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Correct answer: Their 4s and 3d electrons have similar energies
The 4s and 3d levels are close in energy, so different numbers of electrons can be lost.
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Which halogen is a liquid at room temperature?
- 1 Chlorine
- 2 Bromine
- 3 Iodine
- 4 Fluorine
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Correct answer: Bromine
Bromine is a red-brown liquid. Chlorine and fluorine are gases and iodine is a solid.
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Aluminium oxide is described as amphoteric because it:
- 1 Reacts with both acids and bases
- 2 Is a good conductor
- 3 Is soluble in water
- 4 Is a strong oxidising agent
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Correct answer: Reacts with both acids and bases
An amphoteric oxide can react with both acids and bases to form salts.
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Which allotrope of carbon conducts electricity?
- 1 Diamond
- 2 Graphite
- 3 Both
- 4 Neither
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Correct answer: Graphite
Graphite has free, delocalised electrons between its layers. Diamond has none.
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What is the colour of an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulphate?
- 1 Colourless
- 2 Green
- 3 Blue
- 4 Yellow
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Correct answer: Blue
Hydrated copper(II) ions give a characteristic blue colour.