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Electrostatics and capacitors

7 MDCAT Physics questions with answers and explanations.

All questions with answers
  1. What is the force between two point charges of 1 microcoulomb each, placed 1 m apart in air? (k = 9 x 10^9 N m2/C2)

    • 1 9 x 10^-3 N
    • 2 9 N
    • 3 9 x 10^-6 N
    • 4 0.9 N
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    Correct answer: 9 x 10^-3 N

    F = kq1q2 / r^2 = 9 x 10^9 x 10^-6 x 10^-6 / 1 = 9 x 10^-3 N.

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  2. What is the electric potential at 3 m from a point charge of 1 microcoulomb? (k = 9 x 10^9 N m2/C2)

    • 1 300 V
    • 2 3000 V
    • 3 9000 V
    • 4 27000 V
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    Correct answer: 3000 V

    V = kq / r = 9 x 10^9 x 10^-6 / 3 = 3000 V.

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  3. If the separation between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is halved, its capacitance:

    • 1 Halves
    • 2 Doubles
    • 3 Stays the same
    • 4 Becomes four times as large
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    Correct answer: Doubles

    C = epsilon x A / d, so capacitance is inversely proportional to the separation.

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  4. Inserting a dielectric between the plates of a capacitor (battery disconnected or connected) makes its capacitance:

    • 1 Decrease
    • 2 Increase
    • 3 Zero
    • 4 Unchanged
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    Correct answer: Increase

    A dielectric reduces the effective field between the plates and so raises the capacitance by the factor k.

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  5. A 3 microfarad and a 6 microfarad capacitor are connected in parallel. What is the total capacitance?

    • 1 2 microfarad
    • 2 4.5 microfarad
    • 3 9 microfarad
    • 4 18 microfarad
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    Correct answer: 9 microfarad

    In parallel, capacitances add: 3 + 6 = 9 microfarad.

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  6. One volt is equal to one:

    • 1 Joule per coulomb
    • 2 Coulomb per joule
    • 3 Ampere per ohm
    • 4 Newton per metre
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    Correct answer: Joule per coulomb

    Potential difference is energy per unit charge, so 1 V = 1 J/C.

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  7. A potential difference of 100 V is applied across two plates 0.02 m apart. What is the electric field between them?

    • 1 2 V/m
    • 2 500 V/m
    • 3 2000 V/m
    • 4 5000 V/m
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    Correct answer: 5000 V/m

    E = V / d = 100 / 0.02 = 5000 V/m.

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